Author: Łukasz Kurzawski

​The main aim of the test was to make a comparison of traditional multitrack recording techniques with recording using the ZYLIA ZM-1 microphone. I compared the both approaches in terms of offered recording capabilities, tone and sound quality. I have chosen acoustically challenging environment – music ensemble recorded in a church (see the Test details box for more details on this).

For this type of recordings I usually use a traditional recording setup. It consists of 8 small diaphragm condenser microphones (4 stereo pairs).

1. The main pair set in the middle of the ensemble – 2 x Schoeps MK2S (omni), approx. 2,6 m high, 50 cm wide, directed at the flute.
2. Flute stereo pair – 2 x Rode NT5 (cardiod) set approx. 30 cm wide, less than a meter away from the flute player.
3. Cello stereo pair – 2 x Line Audio CM3 (cardiod) set approx. 20 cm wide, above the music stand, less than a meter away from the cello.
4. Harpsichord stereo pair – 2 x Rode NT55 (omni), set approx. 30 cm wide, less than a meter away from the harpsichord.

 
You can check the result of the recording with the traditional setup by playing back the file Church_traditional_setup.wav,  Samplitude screenshot from the recording is presented below (Fig. 1). It presents well the balance between the microphones: the first two tracks are the main microphones which dominate the overall mix (in red). 

​The whole ensemble was recorded also simultaneously with the ZYLIA ZM-1 microphone. The microphone setup was very easy – just one microphone, one stand and one USB cable plugged into the computer. The ZM-1 was set in the middle of the ensemble – very close to the stand of the main stereo pair (approx. 1 meter away from all musicians). See the picture below as a reference (Fig. 2).

I tested two heights for the microphone 1.7 m and 2.15 m. The stereo mixes are stored in the files Church_Zylia_170cm.wav and Church_Zylia_215cm.wav, respectively.
 
The resulting stereo mix from the ZYLIA microphone was good and on par with the recording using a traditional setup. I found that the height of 1.7m for the microphone was optimal for this recording. In this setup the aisle of the ZM-1 was closer to the sound sources. The height of 2.15m gave worse results in terms of tone and spatial feeling. This was interesting because in a traditional setup you can expect a better spatial feeling when putting the stereo pair higher.

​To be honest before the tests I was really sceptical about the tone and spatial effect of recording with ZYLIA but the end results surpassed my expectations and opened my mind for completely new recording capabilities. The recording process with ZM-1 was very straightforward and quick to setup but the whole fun and magic really started when I launched the ZYLIA Studio PRO VST plugin within Reaper. It is really incredible what you can do in the post production with ZYLIA Studio PRO. I started by creating 3 virtual microphones that were pointing at the locations of the instruments: Z1 – flute, Z2 – cello, and Z3 – harpsichord. See the below screenshot for the setup of virtual microphones (Fig. 3).

After that I have added an extra stereo pair of virtual microphones Z4 and Z5. It appeared that this pair gave an excellent result in terms of tone and panorama effect. It is really incredible that you can change the wideness of this stereo pair and its position in both horizontal and vertical pane. In this given recording setup the cello and the harpsichord are placed naturally lower than the flute, so by changing the elevation parameter of the virtual microphones you can be more selective on each instrument. An interesting effect was to change the aim of the Z4 and Z5 pair in the vertical pane by pointing it up 45 degrees. This setting resulted in a much deeper spatial effect without losing the detail of each instrument (this setting was used in the final mix). With such setup of Z4 and Z5 I was missing a better exposition of the harpsichord so I added a bit more of the Z3 (harpsichord virtual mic). The end result was a very good sounding mix – the best I have managed to create from this recording session (file Church_Zylia_VST_Z4Z5Z3.wav). 

As a final touch I tried to add more space to the recording to reflect great acoustics of the church. In order to do that I have created another stereo pair of virtual mics Z6 and Z7 which was aimed at the space without sound sources. In this setting I missed a little bit of flute so I have added more of the Z1 (flute virtual mic) to the mix. The effect is recorded in file Church_Zylia_VST_Z6Z7Z1.wav. All the above mixes were made using the recording from the ZM-1 placed at the height of 1.7 m. Setting it higher at 2.15 m limits a bit the possibilities of changing the balance and space of the recording.

Recording using ZYLIA microphone really changed my thinking about music recording. Using the mic and the plugin I have access to almost infinite number of additional virtual microphones on any side of the “magic ball”. On top of that I can point virtual microphones or stereo pairs up and down changing their elevation – this opened my mind in a completely new “vertical” way. These capabilities offer great flexibility and many extra options during post-production. In addition the ZYLIA ZM-1 can fix microphone placement mistakes or mask bad acoustic conditions of the recording venue. Something that is currently not possible, or not so easy, using traditional methods.

Overall I am very satisfied with the recordings and final mixes achieved using ZYLIA. The ZM-1 microphone together with the ZYLIA Studio PRO VST plugin opens up a whole new exciting range of opportunities for  recording engineers and audio creators. What is really important is that you can do a lot of modifications in the post-production. As a sound designer you can decide on the spatial effect, the tone and balance of the instruments after the recording is made from the comfort of your studio by listening to the effects of your work in good listening conditions. The creators of the mic already announced addition of new options to the software like the possibility to change the width and characteristic of individual virtual microphones. This will give complete control over the recording/mixing process into the hands of sound designer and will open endless possibilities. Now it is only up to you how you are going to use them...

By Łukasz Januszkiewicz

• Microphone placement. ​​

​​Because of the size of a music scene, there were four mics used on the stage.
​The main ZM-1 microphone was positioned approximately 20 cm below the camera.
Backup ZM-1’s were positioned on the right and on the left side of the main ZM-1 (distance of 4-5 meters). There was also one mic just right in front of the choir. 
​ 

• The final setup 

​… and hiding behind the curtain :-)

​Captured video was stitched and processed with Kodak PIXPRO SP360 software. The recorded audio was manually synchronized with the processed video. Then we used our software to convert ZM-1 recorded tracks into 1st, 2nd and even 3rd order HOA (Higher Order Ambisonics) signals. Finally, we merged the video and the 1st order Ambisonics audio track into one MP4 file and uploaded it to YouTube 360 service*.
 
*At this moment YouTube 360 supports only 1st order Ambisonics audio.

We have recorded a great performance of orchestra and choir with a newest microphone array technology. Final effect is astonishing! Our 360 movie gives you a chance to participate in this beautiful event, and actually be in the middle of the stage.

​Video will be available soon.

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